forged wheel forging steps

What Are the Steps Involved In Forging Wheel Forgings?

The forging plant needs to have a set of forging programme or process before forging, and then use such process to forge the required wheel forgings during forging processing.Its specific preparation includes raw material selection, counting, discharging, heating, calculating deformation force, selecting equipment, and designing moulds.In addition, lubrication methods and lubricants need to be selected before forging.

Forging with a wide range of materials, both a variety of grades of steel and high-temperature alloys, and aluminium, magnesium, titanium, copper and other non-ferrous metals.As we all know, the quality of the product is often closely related to the quality of the raw material, so the forging workers, the need to have the necessary knowledge of the material, to be good at selecting the most suitable material according to the process requirements.Next to understand the forging steps of wheel forgings.

Counting and unloading is one of the most important aspects of improving material utilisation and achieving blank refinement.Too much material not only causes waste, but also aggravates the wear and tear of the mould chamber and energy consumption.If the material is not left a little margin, it will increase the difficulty of process adjustment and increase the scrap rate.In addition, the quality of the undercutting end face also has an impact on the process and the quality of the wheel forgings.

The purpose of heating is to reduce the forging deformation force and improve the plasticity of the metal.However, heating also brings a series of problems, such as oxidation, decarburisation, overheating and overburning.Accurate control of the initial and final forging temperature has a great influence on the product organisation and properties.

Flame furnace heating has the advantages of low cost and strong applicability, but the heating time is long, easy to produce oxidation and decarburisation, and the labour conditions need to be continuously improved.Electric induction heating has the advantages of rapid heating and less oxidation, but the adaptability of the product shape and size and material changes is poor.

Forging forming is produced under the action of external force, therefore, the correct calculation of deformation force is the basis for selecting equipment and carrying out mould calibration.Stress-strain analysis of the deformation of the internal body is also indispensable for optimising the process and controlling the organisational properties of wheel forgings.

Deformation force analysis methods include: principal stress method is not very strict, but relatively simple and intuitive, can calculate the total pressure and workpiece and tool contact surface stress distribution; slip line method for plane strain problem is strict, for high local deformation of the workpiece to solve the stress distribution is more intuitive, but the scope of application is narrower; upper limit method can give an overestimation of the load, upper limit can also be expected to deformation of the shape of the workpiece changes.The finite element method can not only give the external load and the change of workpiece shape, but also give the internal stress-strain distribution, the disadvantage is that the computer time is more, especially according to the elastic-plastic finite element solution, the need for a larger capacity of the computer, the machine time is longer.Recently there is a tendency to use a joint method to analyse the problem, for example, using the upper limit method for rough calculation, and using finite element calculation in the key parts.

Reducing friction not only saves energy, but also improves mould life.As the deformation is more uniform, which helps to improve the organisational properties of the product, one of the important measures to reduce friction is to use lubrication.Due to the different ways of forging and the difference in working temperature, the lubricant used is also different.Glass lubricants are mostly used for forging of high temperature alloys and titanium alloys.For hot forging of steel, water-based graphite is a widely used lubricant, for cold forging, due to the high pressure, often need to be forged before phosphate or oxalate treatment.

The above is the forging factory in the forging process needs to be used in the process, in accordance with such a process, will make the wheel forgings quality more secure.